Search results for "electromagnetic [current]"

showing 10 items of 1008 documents

Bifractal focusing and imaging properties of Thue-Morse Zone Plates.

2015

We present a new family of Zone Plates (ZPs) designed using the Thue-Morse sequence. The focusing and imaging properties of these aperiodic diffractive lenses coined Thue-Morse Zone Plates (TMZPs) are examined. It is demonstrated that TMZPs produce a pair of self-similar and equally intense foci along the optical axis. As a consequence of this property, under broadband illumination, a TMZP produces two foci with an extended depth of focus and a strong reduction of the chromatic aberration compared with conventional periodic ZPs. This distinctive optical characteristic is experimentally confirmed.

PhysicsExtended depth of focusgenetic structuresbusiness.industryORDERDiffraction efficiencyElectromagnetic radiationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsOptical axisDiffractive lensOpticsAperiodic graphFISICA APLICADAChromatic aberrationbusinessMATEMATICA APLICADAOptics express
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Intensity Invariance of Strong-Field Two-Photon Absorption

2010

We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically the intensity-invariant scaling formula of coherent control of two-photon absorption as a function of pulse-shape parameters of ultrafast laser field in the strong-interaction regime.

PhysicsField (physics)Coherent controllawPhysics::OpticsAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)LaserScalingTwo-photon absorptionPulse shapingUltrashort pulselaw.inventionConference on Lasers and Electro-Optics 2010
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Finite difference time domain simulation of soil ionization in grounding systems under lightning surge conditions

2004

This paper proposes a Maxwell’s equations finite difference time domain (FDTD) approach for electromagnetic transients in ground electrodes in order to take into account the non linear effects due to soil ionization. A time variable soil resistivity method is used in order to simulate the soil breakdown, without the formulation of an initial hypothesis about the geometrical shape of the ionized zone around the electrodes. The model has been validated by comparing the computed results with available data found in technical literature referred to concentrated earths. Some application examples referred to complex grounding systems are reported to show the computational capability of the propos…

PhysicsFinite difference electromagnetic transient grounding systemsGroundSoil resistivityFinite differenceFinite-difference time-domain methodSoil ionizationOcean EngineeringMechanicsPhysics::Classical PhysicsNon-linear effectsSettore MAT/08 - Analisi NumericaSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaIonizationLightning surgesSimulation
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TAGS measurements of $^{100}$Nb ground and isomeric states and $^{140}$Cs for neutrino physics with the new DTAS detector

2016

V. Guadilla et al. -- 4 pags., 6 figs. -- Open Access funded by Creative Commons Atribution Licence 4.0

PhysicsFission productsta114Spectrometer010308 nuclear & particles physicsPhysicsQC1-999Detector[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciences3. Good healthNuclear physicsnuclear masses0103 physical sciencesstructuredecay data measurementsNeutrino010306 general physicsSpectroscopyAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)
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Thermal density fluctuations in amorphous polymers as revealed by small angle X-ray diffraction

1973

In the case of equilibrium the mean square relative fluctuations of the thermodynamic parameters vanish asymptotically as the number of degrees of freedom approach infinity. There are various observable effects, however, which are related to local fluctuations of the thermodynamic quantities within small parts of the macroscopic system. In particular the scattering of electromagnetic waves by a one-component, one-phase system is due to thermal density fluctuations within small volumes V of the sample. Considering a grand canonical ensemble the phenomenological theory of local fluctuations (1) for a one component system shows that the fluctuation of the number of particles N in the volume V …

PhysicsGrand canonical ensembleCrystallographyNumber densityScatteringX-ray crystallographyDegrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)ObservableAtomic physicsElectromagnetic radiationBar (unit)
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IGR J17451-3022: a dipping and eclipsing low mass X-ray binary

2016

In this paper, we report on the available X-ray data collected by INTEGRAL, Swift, and XMM-Newton during the first outburst of the INTEGRAL transient IGR J17451-3022, discovered in 2014 August. The monitoring observations provided by the JEM-X instruments on-board INTEGRAL and the Swift/XRT showed that the event lasted for about 9 months and that the emission of the source remained soft for the entire period. The source emission is dominated by a thermal component (kT~1.2 keV), most likely produced by an accretion disk. The XMM-Newton observation carried out during the outburst revealed the presence of multiple absorption features in the soft X-ray emission that could be associated to the p…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-ray binaryFOS: Physical sciencesX-rays: individuals: IGR J17451-3022Astronomy and AstrophysicsAbsorption columnAstrophysicsAstronomy and AstrophysicOrbital periodX-rays: binarie01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaAccretion discSpace and Planetary ScienceIonization0103 physical sciencesThermalbinaries; X-rays: individuals: IGR J17451-3022; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science [X-rays]Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaLow MassAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)010303 astronomy & astrophysics
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The nature of the extreme X-ray variability in the NLS1 1H 0707-495

2021

We examine archival XMM-Newton data on the extremely variable narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) active galactic nucleus (AGN) 1H 0707-495. We construct fractional excess variance (Fvar) spectra for each epoch, including the recent 2019 observation taken simultaneously with eROSITA. We explore both intrinsic and environmental absorption origins for the variability in different epochs, and examine the effect of the photoionised emission lines from outflowing gas. In particular, we show that the unusual soft variability first detected by eROSITA in 2019 is due to a combination of an obscuration event and strong suppression of the variance at 1 keV by photoionised emission, which makes the variance …

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Active galactic nucleusAccretion (meteorology)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-rayFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsLow frequencySpectral lineAmplitudeSpace and Planetary ScienceEmission spectrumAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
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X-ray Flares of EV Lac: Statistics, Spectra, Diagnostics

2010

We study the spectral and temporal behavior of X-ray flares from the active M-dwarf EV Lac in 200 ks of exposure with the Chandra/HETGS. We derive flare parameters by fitting an empirical function which characterizes the amplitude, shape, and scale. The flares range from very short (<1 ks) to long (10 ks) duration events with a range of shapes and amplitudes for all durations. We extract spectra for composite flares to study their mean evolution and to compare flares of different lengths. Evolution of spectral features in the density-temperature plane shows probable sustained heating. The short flares are significantly hotter than the longer flares. We determined an upper limit to the Fe…

PhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaStellar atmosphereFluxFOS: Physical sciencesAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysicsElectromagnetic radiationSpectral linelaw.inventionStarsAmplitudeSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia E AstrofisicaAstrophysics - Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsSpace and Planetary SciencelawPhysics::Space Physicsstars: activity stars: coronae stars: flare stars: individual: EV Lac X-rays: starsAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaStellar evolutionSolar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)Flare
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X(5) critical-point symmetries in 138Gd

2011

International audience; The lifetimes of low-lying transitions in 138Gd have been measured using the recoil-distance Doppler-shift technique. The resultant reduced transition probabilities have been compared to X(5) critical-point calculations to assess the potential 'phase-transitional' behaviour of 138Gd. The X(5) symmetry describes the first order 'phase transition' between sphericity, U(5) and an axially deformed nuclear shape, SU(3). Although a high degree of correspondence is observed between the experimental and theoretical excitation energies, the large uncertainties of the experimental B(E2) values cannot preclude contributions from either vibrational or rotational modes of excitat…

PhysicsHistory010308 nuclear & particles physics[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]First order01 natural sciencesCritical point (mathematics)Computer Science ApplicationsEducationBohr modelSphericityKokeellinen ydinfysiikka21.10.Tg Lifetimes widths 27.60.+j 90(less-than-or-equal-to)A(less-than-or-equal-to)149 21.65.-f Nuclear matter 23.20.-g Electromagnetic transitions 21.10.Re Collective levels 21.60.Ev Collective modelssymbols.namesakeQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesHomogeneous spacesymbolsExperimental nuclear physics010306 general physicsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Axial symmetryExcitation
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Anomalous properties of hot dense nonequilibrium plasmas

2005

A concise overview of a number of anomalous properties of hot dense nonequilibrium plasmas is given. The possibility of quasistationary megagauss magnetic field generation due to Weibel instability is discussed for plasmas created in atom tunnel ionization. The collisionless absorption and reflection of a test electromagnetic wave normally impinging on the plasma with two-temperature bi-maxwellian electron velocity distribution function are studied. Due to the wave magnetic field influence on the electron kinetics in the skin layer the wave absorption and reflection significantly depend on the degree of the electron temperature anisotropy. The linearly polarized impinging wave during reflec…

PhysicsHistoryElectronPlasmaElliptical polarizationElectromagnetic radiationComputer Science ApplicationsEducationWeibel instabilityTunnel ionizationPhysics::Plasma PhysicsIonizationElectromagnetic electron waveAtomic physics
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